Reenforced yarn



May 18 1926. 1,585,621

J. A. HEANY REENFOECED YARN Fi1ed.July 30, 1923 INVENTOR (75/717 AV/en A ATTORNEY Patented May 18, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ALLEN HEAN Y, 0] NEW HAVEN, G ONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR '10 WORLD BESTOS CORIPOBATION, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

I mannroncnn YARN.

Application filed Jul so, 1923. SeriaIONo. 654,511.

This invention relates generally to yarns and specifically to such yarns as are reenforced for uses where relatively high tensile strength and resistance are desirable. In the manufacture of yarn, in order to give the re uisite tensile strength and coherence to t e material, it is customary to utilize a central core thread or filament about which is twisted long-fibred material, such as jute, hemp, flax, cotton or the like, which forms a self-sustaining fabric sheath or casing over the core. Such a method of manufacture is, however, not applicable to material such as. cellulose, asbestos and paper pulp, where the fibres are short; nor to composition forming a pulpy, mouldable mass almost devoid of fibrous structure.

According to one method, sho-rt-fibred material is utilized by cementing the material together to a core by means of a binder, such as starch or albumen, but these yarns are readily subject to breakage and deterioration from moisture effects, strains, heat and friction, particularly where, as in the case of asbestos yarns, the material is utilized'for brake lining or steam packing.

An im rtant object of the invention is to provide improved yarnsformed of suitable filaments and paper-like strips or bands, particularly strips or hands formed from asbestos material. Another object is to provide arns in which the relative positions of the laments and the strips or bands are maintained without any close binding of such bands or strips on individual filaments, as by tightly twisting or winding the strips or bands on the individual filaments or cores. A further important object is to provide ayarn of asbestos and like material which possesses high resistance to tension, friction, heat, and mechanical deformation. An important object alsois the provision of a yarn characterized by the absence of free fibres, the material being matted in a paper stri prior ,to twisting so that a smooth, and uni ormly wound yarn is obtainable, free of outstanding excrescences and loose'fibres.

Further objects and objects relating to do tails of construction will appear from consideration of an embodiment of my invention which ma be preferred, described hereinbelow and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which- 1 Figure 1- illustrates a core element or fila- .respect to the yarn.

.ployment of a finished strip ment loosely stri and Fig. 2 illustrates the formation of a final yarn 1from two strands such as illustrated in 'In a co-pending application, Serial No. 516,129 filed'Nov. 18, 1921, is described one of several processes which may be'employed to form an asbestos yarn. In accordance with this process, the asbestos or similar macovered by asbestos paper terial is bound and formed from pulp into 7 also be employed, such as hemp cord or thread. In the event that a metal filament or wire is used for the core, the core will have in the final yarn a series of undulations or coils which tend to hold the strips or bands against longitudinal movement with Obviously the metal core might be given this general form before the wrapping of a striplor band therearound. The element or strand 10 is then wound on spools or bobbins 13, from which they are fed through pressure and guide rollers 14 to the twister 15, any conventional form of twister being em loyed. For illustration there is shown a ring twister havinga stationary ring 16, a rotatable and movable guide ring 17, and a spool 18 power driven by belt 19.

' In accordance with the process, as above indicated, the paper'strip which on the individuahstrand, without means for closely binding the same to the filament, is comparatively loosely positioned, becomes in the twisted portion 17 a closely bound yarn in which the asbestos strip is permanently to, possess marked uniformity of texture andsmoothness of exterior, due to the emwith .no free ravellings as acasing for the individual fixed. vIt is noteworthy that yarns made in I accordance with the process above referred strands. The paper strip may be made up in auxiliary machinery from paper vats as indicated in the copending application referred to, or it may be obtained separately from another manufacturer, the yarn manufacturer requiring only the inexpensive equipment necessary to wind the strip on the core and twist-the strands together. Moreover, by binding and forming the asbestos. material into paper-like strips or bands, it is possible by suitable carding or delivery apparatus in the paper manufacture to lay the fibres longitudinally or at. such angle as not .the binder, by solution or mechanical jar, is removed. It is pointed out, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to paper strip only as a primary substance in the manufacture of yarn 1n accordance with the above method, since any other means of maintaining cohesion between the short fibres of the material prior to the twisting operation, may also be used.

If the material is secured to the filamentary cores, however, the final twisting serves to enclose and bind the material closely, evenly and smoothly between the separate strands, thus forming a yarn of high tensile strength and of such rigidity and permanence of form as to give service superior to that obtainable from lon'g-fibred rovings in all ordinary usages, and by thus making possible the efi'ectual utilization of asbestos and the like material, the employment of asbestos-for such important uses as brake linings, steam pipe casings, and various friction devices subject to large friction and heat action, is readily possible.

It will be apparent that, in making the yarn of the 'presentinvention, use may be made of asbestos paper strips of less cohesiveness and tenacity than required for direct twisting with filaments. In the wrapping operation the stresses to which the strips or hands are subjected may be made less than in the twisting operations and there is less tendency to kink. Furthermore, in intertwisting the strands of filaments wrapped with such strips or'bands there is no great tendency to break the strips or bands and atthe same time they are firmly bound into a yarn in-which the tensile strength is given to a great extent by the filaments or wires.

It should be understood that the term -asbestos material, wherever it appears in the specification and claims, is intended to refer to material having a substantial percentage of asbestos fibres, such as to give I more or less the characteristics of asbestos as far as working and handling are concerned,

and the term asbestos material where used in the specification and claims shall be considered as this defined.-

\Vhile the invention has been described as applied to a specific illustrative embodiment, various other arrangements of the invention -will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains and accordingly the invention should be limited only in accordance with the claims hereto appended.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An asbestos yarn "comprisin intertwisted strands, at least one of which consists of a filament and wrapped therearound in flat form a strip or band of asbestos material bound into paper of sufiicient cohesiveness and tenacity to undergo strand and yarn forming operations.

2. An asbestos yarn comprising intertwisted strands, each of which consists of a filament and wrapped therearound in flat form a strip or band of asbestos material bound into paper of suflicient cohesiveness and tenacity to undergo strand and yarn forming operations.

3. An asbestos yarn comprising a plurality of filaments in intertwisted relation and a plurality of strips orbands of asbestos material bound into paper of sufiicient cohesiveness and tenacity to undergo strand and yarn forming operations, each strip or band being wound around a-filament and being secured in position by the intertwisted arrangement of said filaments.

4. An asbestos yarn comprising inter- I In testimony whereof, I afiix y h? ture.

JOHN ALLEN 'HEANY. 

